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1.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 93(5): 538-543, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-894053

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the possible association between hyperuricemia and cardiorespiratory fitness levels/nutritional profile, grouped into a single variable, in schoolchildren. Method: Cross-sectional study of 2335 students from Elementary schools, aged 7-17 years of both genders, stratified by conglomerates of a municipality in Southern Brazil. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed by the 6-minute run/walk test. The BMI and CRF were grouped into a single variable, considering: (1) low and normal weight/fit; (2) low and normal weight/unfit; (3) overweight-obesity/fit; (4) overweight-obesity/unfit. The Poisson regression (prevalence ratio, PR) was used for the association between hyperuricemia and BMI/CRF ratio with 95% confidence intervals and differences were considered significant when p < 0.05. Results: There is an association, although subtle, between the presence of hyperuricemia with low levels of CRF and the presence of excess weight, when grouped into a single variable. Boys and girls with this condition have higher prevalence of hyperuricemia (PR: 1.07; p = 0.007 for boys; PR: 1.10; p < 0.001 for girls). Conclusion: Together, excess weight and low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with the presence of hyperuricemia in schoolchildren.


Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a possível relação entre hiperuricemia com aptidão cardiorrespiratória e o estado nutricional, agrupados, em escolares. Método: Estudo transversal com 2.335 escolares da educação básica de 7 a 17 anos, de ambos os sexos, estratificados por conglomerados de um munícipio do sul do Brasil. Foi calculado o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória (APCR) foi avaliada pelo teste de corrida/caminhada de 6 minutos. O IMC e a APCR foram agrupados em uma única variável, considerando: 1) baixo peso-normal/apto; 2) baixo peso-normal/inapto; 3) sobrepeso-obesidade/apto; 4) sobrepeso-obesidade/inapto. A regressão de Poisson (razão de prevalência; RP) foi usada para associação entre hiperuricemia e a relação APCR/IMC com intervalos de confiança de 95% e diferenças significativas consideradas para p < 0,05. Resultados: Observa-se associação, embora sutil, entre a presença de hiperuricemia com baixos níveis de APCR e a presença de excesso de peso, de forma agrupada. Meninos e meninas, com essa condição, têm maior prevalência de hiperuricemia (RP: 1,07; p = 0,007; RP: 1,10; p < 0,001, respectivamente), em comparação com seus pares com bons níveis de APCR e estado nutricional adequado. Conclusão: De forma conjunta, o excesso de peso e os baixos níveis de aptidão cardiorrespiratória estão associados com a presença de hiperuricemia em escolares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Hyperuricemia/physiopathology , Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology , Obesity/physiopathology , Nutritional Status , Cross-Sectional Studies , Exercise Test
2.
Braz. j. phys. ther. (Impr.) ; 20(6): 525-534, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828301

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the acute effects of EPAP on the activity of sternocleidomastoid (SCM), parasternal muscles and ventilatory parameters in COPD patients. Method Twenty-four patients with COPD were studied using surface electromyography (sEMG) and a ventilometer. Patients were randomly assigned to EPAP 10 cmH2O-EPAP10 or 15 cmH2O-EPAP15 for 20 minutes. Results The parasternal muscle sEMG activity increased during EPAP10 and EPAP15; however, a greater and significant increase was observed with EPAP10 (mean between-group difference: 12.5% RMS, 95% CI: 9.5 to 15.4, p<0.001). In relation to the baseline, at 10 and 20 minutes and upon recovery, respectively parasternal activity increased by 23.9%, 28.9% and 19.1% during EPAP10 and by 10.7% at 10 and 20 minutes and upon recovery, respectively, 11.4% and 6.9% during EPAP15 at 10 and 20 minutes and upon recovery, respectively. The sEMG activity of SCM muscle showed an opposite pattern, increasing with EPAP15 and decreasing with EPAP10 (mean between-group difference: 15.5% RMS, 95% CI: 12.6 to 18.4, p<0.001). SCM muscle activity during EPAP15, increased by 4.8% and 6.1% at 10 and 20 minutes and decreased by -4.0% upon recovery compared to decreases of –5.6%, –20.6% and –21.3% during EPAP10 at 10, 20 minutes, and recovery. Ventilation at both EPAP intensities promoted significant reductions in respiratory rate (RR) and dyspnea, more pronounced in EPAP15: RR (mean between-group difference: –3,8bpm, 95%CI: –7,5 to –0,2, p=0,015) and dyspnea (mean between-group difference: –1.01, 95%CI: –1.4 to –0.53, p=0.028) . Conclusion In COPD patients, the use of EPAP10 was more effective in reducing accessory inspiratory activity and increasing parasternal activity, which was accompanied by an improvement in ventilation and a reduction in dyspnea.

3.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 9(2): 64-70, abr.-jun. 1997. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-196765

ABSTRACT

O desmame da ventilaçäo mecânica depende de vários parâmetros, que têm o intuito de avaliar o prognóstico do mesmo. Objetivamos neste estudo preliminar propor um novo índice de desmame que possa nos predizer com eficácia a viabilidade da descontinuaçäo da ventilaçäo mecânica. Foram avaliados 80 pacientes de várias etiologias, com idade entre 20 a 94 anos, em processo de desmame. O sucesso no desmame foi obtido em 66 pacientes (aqueles que foram desmamados em menos de 14 dias e näo foram reentubados nas próximas 48 horas). O índice de Nemer indicou o prognóstico no desmame com precisäo em 79 pacientes (98,75 por cento). Em 13 pacientes, o índice de Nemer diferiu da relaçäo FR/VC, sendo preciso em todos esses prognósticos. A única falha apresentada pelo índice de Nemer também foi encontrada pela relaçäo FR/VC. Com os resultados obtidos, acreditamos poder utilizar o índice de Nemer para definir melhor o momento e a viabilidade do desmame da ventilaçäo mecânica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Ventilator Weaning , Aged, 80 and over , Prognosis , Ventilator Weaning
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